This makes it easy to create real-time web applications with only a few lines of code. Socket.IO is a JavaScript library that provides a high-level API around WebSockets. Websockets can be used directly using JavaScript in the browser, but the API is low-level, making it complicated to create even a simple application. The WebSocket protocol builds on top of the HTTP protocol to provide a persistent bi-directional connection between the client and the server.

Most modern browsers nowadays support WebSockets. This is not ideal because the data will not arrive at the server in real-time, and shorter polling intervals will increase network traffic. Within the HTTP protocol, the client needs to use regular polling to request data from the server. When some state on the server changes, the client isn’t informed immediately. But for real-time applications, the request-response model has its drawbacks. It allows loose coupling between clients and servers without the need to keep a persistent connection. This approach is suitable for many use cases that the web is used for. In this model, a server will never send data to a client without having been queried first. This means that a client requests data from a server, and the server responds to that request.

Traditionally, HTTP is a request-response protocol.

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